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How to Use Capitalize My Title

1. Select your title capitalization style above by clicking on a tab. If you have questions, read our title capitalization rules below.
2. Enter your title in the text box.
3. Watch your title convert case and be automatically capitalized!
4. If you want to, you can press “Enter” on your keyboard or click the Copy button next to the text box to copy the text to your clipboard.
5. Capitalize your next title 😃

Bonus: We have some great shortcuts to make your life easier.

Quick Links: How to Use Capitalize My Title, What to Capitalize in a Title (What Is Title Case, What Is Sentence Case), Title Capitalization Rules by Style (APA, Chicago, AP, MLA, BB, AMA, NY Times, Wikipedia)

Case Converter Options

You have multiple options to capitalize and change the case of your titles, headlines, song titles, book titles, email subjects, and more. Below is a description of the ways you can use our case converter.

Top Tabs

The top tabs allow you to select which style of capitalization you want to use. You can learn more in the Title Capitalization Rules by Style section.

• APA: Capitalize using the APA style guide.
• Chicago: Capitalize using the Chicago Manual of Style capitalization rules.
• AP: Use the Associated Press Stylebook capitalization guidelines.
• MLA: Use the MLA Handbook title capitalization rules.
• BB: Use the Bluebook title capitalization rules.
• AMA: Use the AMA Manual of Style capitalization rules.
• NY Times: Use the NY Times style guidelines.
• Wikipedia: Use Wikipedia’s capitalization rules.
• Email: Use proper capitalization rules for email.

Bottom Buttons

The buttons at the bottom let you choose specific case conversion options for the various styles.

• Title Case: Capitalize only the words that should be capitalized according to the top tab style guide.
• Sentence Case: Capitalize only the first word of each sentence.
• Uppercase: Convert your title from lowercase to uppercase.
• Lowercase: Convert your title from uppercase to lowercase.
• First Letter / Proper Case: Capitalize the first letter of every word.
• Alt Case: Capitalize every other letter of your text starting with the first letter being capitalized.
• Toggle Case: Change the case of every letter in your string. Similar to the Microsoft Word feature.

Other Options

• Straight quotes: Curly quotes (“,”,‘,’) are used in good typography. If you need to use straight quotes, enable this feature.
• Get Headline Score/Get Email Subject Score: Find out how strong your headline or email subject is by using our convenient tools.

Common Case Converter Uses

Title case converter

Quickly convert your title or text to title case by simply clicking the “Title Case” button in the tool above.

Sentence case converter

Quickly convert your title or text to sentence case by simply clicking the “Sentence case” button in the tool above.

Uppercase to lowercase converter

If you left caps lock on accidentally, you can quickly convert your title from uppercase to lowercase by selecting the “lower” button above. This will uncapitalize your text. You can also use this tool to do it automatically.

Lowercase to uppercase converter

Alternatively, you can use our tool to convert text from lowercase to uppercase by clicking the “UPPER” button. You can also use this tool to do it automatically.

Uppercase to title case converter

If you want to change your title from uppercase to title case, you can select the “Title Case” button above.

All caps converter

You can quickly convert your text or title to all caps by selecting the “UPPER” button on the tool. This will convert your text to uppercase.

What to Capitalize in a Title

Understanding what to capitalize in a title is important to make sure that your titles and headlines look correct. If you’re confused about what words to capitalize in a title or headline, we recommend using our title capitalization tool above, but if you want specific capitalization rules, they are as follows.

First, it is important to note that there are four main title capitalization styles: Chicago style, APA style, MLA style, and AP style. Each of these capitalization styles has slightly different rules for which words are capitalized and each of these styles can be written using title case capitalization or sentence case capitalization.

What Is Title Case Capitalization?

Title case is the most common form of title and headline capitalization and is found in all four major title capitalization styles. Title case is also commonly used for book titles, movies titles, song names, plays, and other works.

In general, the following capitalization rules apply across the four styles in title case:

• Capitalize the first word in the title
• Capitalize the last word in the title
• Capitalize the important words in the title

Important words in that last bullet generally refer to:

• Adjectives (tiny, large, etc.)
• Adverbs (quietly, smoothly, etc.)
• Nouns (tablet, kitchen, book)
• Pronouns (they, she, he)
• Subordinating conjunctions (when fewer than 5 letters)
• Verbs (write, type, create)

Title case is the most common title capitalization for book titles, headlines, articles titles, etc. When multiple letters in a title need to be capitalized, use title case capitalization.

Words Not Capitalized in Title Case

While the above words are generally capitalized in titles regardless of style, there are some words that are generally not capitalized when using title case. Again, these will depend on the specific style you choose (see Title Capitalization Rules by Style section). These include short words and conjunctions:

• Articles (a, an, the)
• Coordinating Conjunctions (and, but, for)
• Short (fewer than 4 letters)
• Prepositions (at, by, to, etc.)

What Is Sentence Case?

The other major type of title capitalization standard is sentence case. Sentence case simply means you capitalize the first letter of a sentence, proper nouns, and nothing else as opposed to capitalizing almost every first letter in title case. It is the same across all of the four styles.

For more specific title capitalization rules, you can see the following sections which cover each style of title capitalization rules or check out our FAQs for common capitalization questions. Our tool lets you convert the case of your text easily into sentence case.

Title Capitalization Rules by Style

Chicago Manual of Style 17th Edition Capitalization Rules

Chicago Style is one of the most used and respected headline capitalization methods used in journalism. The rules are fairly standard for title case:

1. Capitalize the first and the last word.
2. Capitalize nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs (including phrasal verbs such as “play with”), adverbs, and subordinate conjunctions.
3. Lowercase articles (a, an, the), coordinating conjunctions, and prepositions (regardless of length).
4. Lowercase the second word after a hyphenated prefix (e.g., Mid-, Anti-, Super-, etc.) in compound modifiers (e.g., Mid-year, Anti-hero, etc.).
5. Lowercase the ‘to’ in an infinitive (e.g., I Want to Play Guitar).

See Chicago Manual of Style Guide

Get Quick Guide

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA) 7th Edition Capitalization Rules

Making sure you have the right capitalization for APA headings is crucial for scholarly articles. The following rules apply to APA headline capitalization and title capitalization:

1. Capitalize the first word of the title/heading and of any subtitle/subheading
2. Capitalize all major words (nouns, verbs including phrasal verbs such as “play with”, adjectives, adverbs, and pronouns) in the title/heading, including the second part of hyphenated major words (e.g., Self-Report not Self-report)
3. Capitalize all words of four letters or more.

See APA Style Guide

Get Quick Guide

Modern Language Association (MLA) Handbook, 9th Edition Capitalization Rules

Making sure you have the right capitalization for MLA headings is crucial for scholarly articles. The following rules apply to MLA headings:

1. Capitalize the first word of the title/heading and of any subtitle/subheading.
2. Capitalize all major words (nouns, verbs including phrasal verbs such as “play with”, adjectives, adverbs, and pronouns) in the title/heading, including the second part of hyphenated major words (e. g., Self-Report not Self-report).
3. Do not capitalize articles, prepositions (regardless of length), and coordinating conjunctions.
4. Lowercase the second word after a hyphenated prefix (e.g., Mid-, Anti-, Super-, etc.) in compound modifiers (e.g., Mid-year, Anti-hero, etc.).
5. Do not capitalize ‘to’ in infinitives (e.g., I Want to Play Guitar).

See MLA Style Guide

Get Quick Guide

The Associated Press (AP) 2020 Edition Stylebook Capitalization Rules

AP style capitalization is mainly used by writers for the Associated Press but is also used widely throughout journalism. The capitalization rules are as follows:

1. Capitalize the first and the last word.
2. Capitalize nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs (including phrasal verbs such as “play with”), adverbs, and subordinate conjunctions.
3. Lowercase articles (a, an, the), coordinating conjunctions, and prepositions.
4. Lowercase the second word in a compound modifier (e. g., Mid-year or On-site).
5. Capitalize words with four or more letters (including conjunctions and prepositions).
6. Capitalize both parts of a hyphenated word (new as of 4/25/23).
7. Capitalize the ‘to’ in an infinitive (e.g., I Want To Play Guitar).

See AP Style Guide

Bluebook 21st Edition Capitalization Rules

Bluebook style capitalization is mainly used by lawyers. The capitalization rules are as follows:

1. Capitalize the first and the last word.
2. Capitalize nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs (including phrasal verbs such as “play with”), adverbs, and subordinate conjunctions.
3. Lowercase articles (a, an, the), coordinating conjunctions, and prepositions of four letters or fewer.
4. Lowercase “to” in the infinitive (though not defined in the stylebook).

See BB Style Guide

American Medical Association (AMA) Manual of Style 11th Edition Capitalization Rules

AMA style capitalization is mainly used in the scientific community. The capitalization rules are as follows:

1. Capitalize the first and the last word of titles and subtitles.
2. Capitalize nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs (including phrasal verbs such as “play with”), adverbs, and subordinate conjunctions (major words).
3. Lowercase articles (a, an, the), coordinating conjunctions, and prepositions of four letters or fewer.
4. Lowercase “to” in the infinitive.
5. Lowercase the second word in a hyphenated compound when it is a prefix or suffix (e.g., “Anti-itch”,”world-wide”) or part of a single word.
6. Capitalize the second word in a hyphenated compound if both words are equal and not suffices or prefixes (e.g., “Cost-Benefit”)
7. Capitalize the first non-Greek letter after a lowercase Greek letter (e.g., “ω-Bromohexanoic”)
8. Lowercase the first non-Greek letter after a capital Greek letter (e.g., “Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol”)
9. Capitalize the genus but not the species epithet

See AMA Style Guide

NY Times Style Capitalization Rules

NY Times style capitalization is mainly used by writers for the NY Times but is also used widely throughout journalism. The capitalization rules are as follows:

1. Capitalize major words, e.g. nouns, pronouns, verbs.
2. Capitalize the first and the last word.
3. Capitalize nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs (including phrasal verbs such as “play with”), adverbs, and subordinate conjunctions.
4. Lowercase articles (a, an, the), coordinating conjunctions, and prepositions.

See NY Times Style Guide

Wikipedia Style Capitalization Rules

Wikipedia editors must follow certain capitalization rules for any posts to Wikipedia. The capitalization rules are as follows:

1. Capitalize major words, e.g. nouns, pronouns, verbs.
2. Capitalize the first and the last word.
3. Capitalize nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, and subordinate conjunctions.
4. Lowercase indefinite and definite articles (a, an, the), coordinating conjunctions, and prepositions.
5. Prepositions that contain five letters or more.
6. The word “to” in infinitives.

See Wikipedia Style Guide

Languages: EN, ES, DE

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Matching Uppercase and LowerCase Letters

This interactive and hands on game to teach matching uppercase and lowercase letters is a fun gross motor game for preschool and kindergarten. Use this interactive letter activity along as an alphabet matching with objects and a sensory-motor learning activity!

Matching uppercase letters to lowercase letters is a literacy task that supports reading skills, but also challenges visual discrimination skills, form constancy, and visual scanning, all of which are visual processing skills needed for handwriting and reading comprehension. What’s fun about this activity is that it builds these skills in a fun way!

Be sure to grab our color by letter worksheet to work on letter matching, visual discrimination skills.

Matching Uppercase and Lowercase Letters

Learning letters and matching upper and lower case letters is a Kindergarten skill that can be tricky for some kids.  We made this easy prep letter identification activity using items you probably already have in the house.  If you’ve seen our blog posts over the last few days, you’ve noticed we’re on a learning theme using free (or mostly free) items you probably already have.  

We’re sharing 31 days of learning at home with free materials this month along with 25 other bloggers in the 31 days of homeschooling tips series.  

Today’s easy letter learning activity can use any letters you have around the house or magnetic letters and coffee filters.

While this activity is almost free if you’ve got the items at home already, we’re sharing the affiliate links for the items in this post.

How to play this interactive letter matching activity

You’ll need just a few items for this letter matching activity:

• Magnetic letters
• marker
• coffee filters (but paper towels or recycled paper would work as well.

To set up the activity, there are just a few steps:

1. Grab the magnetic letters from the fridge and 26 coffee filters.
2. Use a permanent marker to write one lower case letter of the alphabet on each coffee filter.
3. With your child, match the magnetic letters to the lowercase letters on the coffee filters.
4. Ask the child to help you crumble each letter inside the coffee filter that has its matching lowercase letter.
5. Continue the play!

More ways to match uppercase and lowercase letters

By matching the magnetic uppercase letter to the lowercase letter on the coffee filter, kids get a chance to incorporate whole body movements and gross motor activity while looking for matching letters.

With your child, first match up each lower case coffee filter letter to the upper case magnetic letter.  

You can spread the filters out to encourage visual scanning and involve movement in the activity, OR you can stack the coffee filters in a pile and one by one match up the letters.  This technique requires the child to visually scan for the upper case magnet letters.  

Try both ways for more upper/lower case letter practice!

We then wrapped the coffee filters around the magnets in a little bundle.  There are so many games you can play with these upper and lower case letters:

• Match the same letter– match uppercase letters to uppercase letters and lowercase letters to lowercase letters.
• Alphabet matching with objects– Match an object that starts with the letter of the alphabet. Use small objects inside the coffee filter and match it to lowercase letters written in the coffee filter with uppercase magnet letters.
• Match the picture with the letter– Print off pictures of words that start with each letter of the alphabet. Then match the picture with letters of the alphabet using lowercase letters written on the filter and uppercase letters in magnetic letter form.
• Play a letter memory game– Hide letters around the room and challenge kids to find the letters in order to match the uppercase letter to the lowercase letters.
• Letter sound matching– Make a letter sound and challenge kids to find the letter that makes that sound.
• Letter Hide and Seek- Hide the bundled up letters around the room while your child hides his eyes.  Send him off to find the letters and ask him to open the bundle and identify the letter.
• Letter Toss Activity- Toss the coffee filter bundles into a bucket or bin.  Any letters that make it into the bin are winners!
• Name the letters- Unwrap the bundles and name the letters.  Spread the coffee filters out around the room.  Toss magnetic letters onto the matching lower case letter.  
• Letter toss game- Toss a bean bag onto the coffee filters.  The child can identify the lower case letter, then go to the pile of magnetic letters and find the matching upper case letter.  

Can you think of any more ways to work on upper and lower case letter matching with coffee filters and magnetic letters? 

Matching Big and Small Letters

The nice thing about this activity is that you can teach the concepts of big and small letters. When we say “big letters” and “small letters”, we are showing the concept of letters that touch the top and bottom lines, or the upper case letters.

And teaching children the difference between those big letters and the small letters which touch just the middle point are part of the visual discrimination process that is needed for handwriting on the lines, or line awareness skills.

You will enjoy more alphabet posts from our archives:

 

 

 

• Hand-eye coordination letter match
• Building letters with baked cotton swabs

Looking for more interactive letter activities to match uppercase and lowercase letters? The Letters! Fine Motor Kit is for you!

Letter Kit for fine motor, visual motor, and sensory motor play.

This 100 page printable packet includes everything you need for hands-on letter learning and multisensory handwriting!

This digital and printable packet includes these multisensory handwriting and letter formation materials:

• A-Z Multisensory Writing Pages
• Alphabet Fine Motor Clip Cards
• Cut and place Fine Motor Mazes
• A-Z Cotton Swab Cards
• A-Z Pattern Block Cards
• Fine Motor Letter Geo-Cards
• A-Z Color and Cut Letter Memory Cards
• Color By Size Sheets
• A-Z Building Block Cards
• A-Z Play Dough Letter Formation Cards
• Graded Lines Box Writing Sheets
• Alphabet Roll and Write Sheets
• Pencil Control Letter Scan
• Color and Cut Puzzles

UX-design: lowercase and uppercase letters | by Ira Motorina

5 min read

·

Dec 7, 2017

According to Apple, Android and Microsoft. Useful for UX writers and designers who work with English interfaces

See the difference between the messages? There are more capital letters on the left than on the right. Big «o», small «o». But who cares, right?

If you are writing text for an application or a website, there should be a difference for you.

Uppercase and uppercase letters are important. They affect readability, comprehension, and usability. And even on how people perceive the brand.

Almost all English-language products or websites use two styles: Title Case or Sentence Case.

Title Case — Each word starts with a capital letter. Exceptions are articles, numbers, conjunctions. This is how headlines are written in the media: Bloomberg and CNN, books and interfaces;

Sentence Case — only the first word begins with a capital letter. So writes the BBC, Google.

If you use Apple technology, you have noticed that all words in interface messages begin with capital letters. Apple’s guidelines recommend capitalizing words in UI elements such as messages, buttons, and menus.

If you use Android, you have seen that they write in sentences — only the first word is capitalized: this is what the company’s guidelines advise.

Notifications in iOS and Android

Let’s look at when and how to use the Title Case and Sentence Case styles in UX texts. Go.

Symmetric

Some designers think Title Case is better because it is symmetrical. And capital letters at the beginning of each word give rhythm to the phrase:

Visual weight

Capital letters are like raised hands 🙌, they attract attention. If you use different styles, Title Case is what you need.

Notice how the title on the left pop-up seems larger than the right one? I’m sure they’ll read it for sure0033

Significance

Capital letters seem important and formal. For example, the New York Times or USA. gov use capital letters in their titles. It’s professional. Seriously. Authoritatively.

Capital letters like a classic suit. Some brands need it.

Example: If you are in business process security, capital letters are fine for the interface. They inspire confidence and speak of professionalism.

Imagine that you are the CEO and you need to choose a style for the interface text. Which one seems more professional to you: Sentence Case or Title Case ?

Simplicity

Reading sentences is easy and familiar. Long sentences do not seem complicated and heavy: they have a clear beginning and end.

Example: Can you imagine how hard it is to read words in a long text?

The text on the screenshot is hard to read due to capital letters

Clarity

Google UX writer Sue Factor says that Sentence Case is a clear style for programmers and designers: each phrase begins with a capital letter. This rule is.

But the Title Case is not always clear for those who develop the interface. For example, is the tab name a title? What about mail settings: header or body text?

Also, there are no clear rules for Title Case. For example, how to write «from» or «through»: with a capital or capital? And the articles?

Example: Apple guideline. It contains tips on what words to capitalize.

Okay, Apple. Do we write the preposition «O» in capital letters or not?

Title Case — there are rules for the text, but they are not always clear and understandable.

Sentence Case — there is one rule, and you definitely won’t confuse anything.

Friendliness

Title Case is formal, while Sentence Case is simple and friendly text.

Example: At Dropbox, we use Sentence Case because we want to be informal. We believe our product voice is different from the competition and we use Sentence Case to stand out.

Clear proper names

In Sentence Case, proper names are visible at a glance. (Proper names are a part of speech that is always capitalized. For example, Microsoft or the New York Times).

Many companies capitalize product names or features. For example «Mail», «Calendar», «Spark». If you use capital letters everywhere, it is not clear where the name is, and where it is just a word.

Is the calendar my calendar or is it another application? Yes, and here is the main option — add to my Calendar.

Title Case and Sentence Case are two popular ways to write text for apps and websites. But not the only ones.

Example: on Windows Phone 8, almost all interface text is in lowercase. Even titles and buttons .

Example: GIPHY — the text is typed in capitals only. This makes sense, since memes and gifs are usually written in capital letters.

Title Case and Sentence Case have pros and cons. No matter what style you choose, make sure it aligns with your brand’s voice.

The worst thing you can do is not define standards and write inconsistent text. This can become a problem in the future: if users ever see inconsistencies in the interface, they will begin to lose trust in the brand.

What do you like about the interface: Title Case and Sentence Case? CAPS LOCK or uppercase? Or maybe you are a rebel and make up your own rules?

Share your opinions, write comments and questions on the topic. This is a translation of an article by Dropbox UX Writer John Saito

Telegram — about the text in the interface;

VKontakte — advice on working with text and clients;

Email newsletter — well, that’s all clear.

Found a typo? Send a screenshot to Telegram: @redachredach

Uppercase and lowercase letters / Sudo Null IT News Many of you have translated strings into “all uppercase” (uppercase), “all lowercase” (lowercase), “first capital, and the rest lowercase” (titlecase).

Even more popular is the case-insensitive comparison operation. On a global scale, such operations can be quite non-trivial. The post is structured as a «collection of misconceptions» with counterexamples.

1. If I convert the string to uppercase or lowercase, the number of Unicode characters does not change.

No. The text may contain lowercase ligatures, which do not correspond to one character in upper case. For example, when translating to uppercase: fi (U+FB00) -> FI (U+0046, U+0049)

2. Ligatures are a perversion, no one uses them. If they are not taken into account, then I’m right.

No. Some letters with diacritics do not have an exact match in other case, so you have to use a combined character. Let’s say the Afrikaans language has the letter ʼn (U+0149). In upper case, it corresponds to a combination of two characters: (U+02BC, U+004E). If you come across a transliteration of Arabic text, you may encounter (U+1E96), which also does not have a single-character match in upper case, so you will have to replace it with (U+0048, U+0331). The Wakhi language has a letter (U+01F0) with a similar problem. You may argue that this is exotic, but there are 23,000 articles in Afrikaans on Wikipedia.

3. All right, but let’s consider a combined character (involving modifying or combining code points) as one character. Then the length will still be preserved.

No. There is, for example, the letter «escet» ß (U+00DF) in German. When converted to uppercase, it turns into two SS characters (U+0053, U+0053).

4. Okay, okay, got it. We will assume that the number of Unicode characters can increase, but not more than twice.

No. There are specific Greek letters, for example, (U+0390) that turn into three Unicode characters (U+0399, U+0308, U+0301)

5. Let’s talk about titlecase. Everything is simple here: I took the first character from the word, translated it into uppercase, took all the subsequent ones, translated it into lowercase.

No. Let’s remember the same ligatures. If a word in lowercase begins with fl (U+FB02), then in uppercase the ligature becomes FL (U+0046, U+004C), but in titlecase it becomes Fl (U+0046, U+006C). The same with ß, but, theoretically, words cannot begin with it.

6. Those ligatures again! Well, we take the first character from the word, translate it into uppercase, if more than one character is obtained, then we leave the first one, and the rest back into lowercase. Then it will definitely work.

Won’t work. There is, for example, the digraph dz (U+01F3), which can be used in text in Polish, Slovak, Macedonian or Hungarian. In uppercase it corresponds to the digraph DZ (U+01F1), and in titlecase it corresponds to the digraph Dz (U+01F2). There are other digraphs. The Greek language, on the other hand, will please you with jokes with hypogegrammen and progegrammen (fortunately, this is rarely found in modern texts). In general, the uppercase and titlecase variants for a character can be different, and there are separate entries for them in the Unicode standard.

7. Good, but at least the result of converting a character’s case to uppercase or lowercase does not depend on its position in the word.

No. For example, the Greek capital sigma Σ (U+03A3) becomes a lowercase ς (U+03C2) at the end of a word and σ (U+03C3) in the middle.

8. Oh, okay, let’s process the Greek sigma separately. But in any case, the same character in the same position in the text is converted in the same way.

No. For example, in most Latin languages, the lower case for I (U+0049) is i (U+0069), but not in Turkish and Azeri. There, the lower case for I is ı (U+0131) and the capital case for i is İ (U+0130). In Turkey, because of this, enchanting bugs are sometimes observed in a variety of software. And if you come across a text in Lithuanian with accents, then, for example, a capital Ì (U + 00CC), which will turn not into ì (U + 00EC), but into (U + 0069, U + 0307, ​​U + 0300) . In general, the result of the conversion also depends on the language. Most of the complex cases are described here.

9. What a horror! Well, let’s now correctly convert to uppercase and lowercase. Comparing two words case-insensitively is not a problem: we translate both into lowercase and compare.