Day and night ks1: Where does the sun go at night?
Posted onWhat is the difference between night and day?
In this lesson, we will be learning about the difference between night and day. You will find out how the earth turns and why night and day happen.
This quiz includes images that don’t have any alt text — please contact your teacher who should be able to help you with an audio description.
Quiz:
Before we start this lesson, let’s see what you can remember from this topic. Here’s a quick quiz!
Q1.What is the opening of the eye called?
The lensThe pupilThe eyeball
Q2.What happens when light hits an object?
It is reflected off the object.It moves around the object.
Q3.What happens after the light is reflected off the object?
It stays on the object.It travels in a straight line to the eye.It travels in a wavy line to the eye.
Q4.Where does the eye send signals to?
The brainThe heartThe nose
This quiz includes images that don’t have any alt text — please contact your teacher who should be able to help you with an audio description.
Quiz:
Before we start this lesson, let’s see what you can remember from this topic. Here’s a quick quiz!
Q1.What is the opening of the eye called?
The lensThe pupilThe eyeball
Q2.What happens when light hits an object?
It is reflected off the object.It moves around the object.
Q3.What happens after the light is reflected off the object?
It stays on the object.It travels in a straight line to the eye.It travels in a wavy line to the eye.
Q4.Where does the eye send signals to?
The brainThe heartThe nose
This quiz includes images that don’t have any alt text — please contact your teacher who should be able to help you with an audio description.
Quiz:
Here is your End of Lesson Quiz Year 2! Let’s see what you can remember from the lesson.
Q1.You can see the sun when it is night-time. True or false?
TrueFalse
Q2.How many hours are there in one day?
422436
Q3.The earth rotates on an imaginary line called an …
AxisPoleCentre
Q4.
When it is our daytime, our part of the planet is facing …
Towards the sun.Away from the sun.
This quiz includes images that don’t have any alt text — please contact your teacher who should be able to help you with an audio description.
Quiz:
Here is your End of Lesson Quiz Year 2! Let’s see what you can remember from the lesson.
Q1.You can see the sun when it is night-time. True or false?
TrueFalse
Q2.How many hours are there in one day?
422436
Q3.The earth rotates on an imaginary line called an …
AxisPoleCentre
Q4.When it is our daytime, our part of the planet is facing …
Towards the sun.Away from the sun.
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To share your results with your teacher please complete one of the quizzes.
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For 5 mins…
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SubjectsSchedule
Why is there Day and Night?
As the Earth you’re living on spins once, the area in which you live moves into the light coming from the Sun (DAY), spins on and eventually moves out of the Sun’s light (NIGHT).
«But…I swear I can see the sun moving across the sky!»
Yes, it really appears that way, doesn’t it? Kinda explains why, for centuries of human existence, we believed that the Earth was in the centre of the solar system and the Sun moved around us. Now we know better; it’s the Sun at the centre, and the Earth and other planets orbit around the Sun. So that means we have to think a bit harder about why there’s Night and Day, and why it seems that it’s the Sun doing the moving.
So how does day and night work?
You know that “the Sun rises in the East and sets in the West”, right? But what does that actually mean? To make this understandable, you have to unhinge your mind slightly, and do some imaginative visualisation.
First, imagine the Sun, staying where it is, light streaming out in all directions. Now imagine the planet Earth, sat in some of those beams of light. Look at it in your mind: the bit of the Earth facing the Sun is getting the light pouring on to it, right? So, for anyone living there, it’s got to be daytime.
Now keep the Earth there – what about the people on the other side? They’re in the shadow of the other half of the Earth – I mean, the light rays can’t exactly drill through the Earth, can they?! So, no light there then. It must be night time!
Yeah, but how does that make day and night?
The part of the Earth that’s in the light spins around until it’s on the other side of the Earth. However, there’s no sunlight there – it’s gone over to the Dark Side – must be night-time. Meanwhile, the section that was previously in the dark has also spun around, it’s now under the rays of light streaming from the Sun – it’s daytime!
Try This: why does the Sun ‘rise’ in the east and ‘set’ in the west?
This day/night and rising/setting thing is a tad tough to visualise, so why not try a little experiment? You’ll need:
- Football-sized ball or, even better, a blow up globe or globe on a stand
- A toy person (Playmobil, Lego, toy soldier, etc.
) - Blu-tack
- A small torch with a bright beam of light
- An adult helper
)First, use the Blu-tack to stick the toy person on to the globe – the UK is an ideal place!
Now, ideally sit in a darkened room with the football/globe held in front of you and the person facing you on the globe. Get your adult helper to shine the beam of light from the torch on to the right-hand side of the ball/globe. You should see that that side of the ball is lit up (day) and the other side is in darkness (night).
Now slowly spin the ball round to your right-hand side (anti-clockwise) – you will see your person going in and out of the lit-up side of the Earth – day and night! OK, so if you imagine that you are that little person on the ball/globe, as you spin round anti-clockwise (from the dark side into the light) you come into the light from the east side.
As you spin on, the light (torch/Sun) gets more and more above you (higher in the sky) and eventually you disappear around the other side and the last you see of the torch/Sun is on the West side.
Looking for more on day and night?
I should think so! You certainly need some video help – this stuff is hard to visualize which is why humans believed for so long that the Sun goes around the Earth. So, first off, why not check out these EdPlace worksheets to find out more about Day & Night:
Year 5 — Season & Daylength
Year 5 — Earth, Sun & Moon 2
Year 5 — Earth & Sun
Want to know more? Of course you do! Check out these wacky websites:
https://www.bbc.com/bitesize/clips/z9fpyrd
https://www.theschoolrun.com/homework-help/day-and-night
https://www.dkfindout.com/uk/space/solar-system/day-and-night/
http://www.primaryhomeworkhelp.co.uk/time/index.html
AUTHOR, MR JULIAN – SCIENCE TEACHER
Compressor station — What is a compressor station?
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AI-95
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AI-98
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101006
A compressor is a device whose task is to increase the level of pressure, as well as the compression of air or gas.
Compressor stations (CS) are large industrial facilities that maintain the flow and pressure of natural gas:
- for gas production;
- transportation in the main gas pipeline (MGP;
- storage in storage (UGS).
KS functionality:
- accept gas from the gas pipeline,
- increase gas pressure,
- send gas back to the gas transmission system (GTS).
Pumping stations (PS) do the same with oil.
By type of work, CSs are divided:
- booster (head) booster compressors and linear boosters of the MGP system,
- KS UGS,
- injection compressor stations for re-injection of gases into the reservoir.
Natural gas is under high pressure as it passes through the IHL.
To keep natural gas under pressure, it must be compressed periodically as it travels down the pipe.
In the compressor station, the gas is compressed by a turbine or engine.
At large distances, friction reduces the pressure in the MHD, and the gas flow slows down.
There are 100 nor compressor stations located on the MGP routes, located at a distance of approximately 80-100 km from each other along the GTS, which provide the necessary “gain” of gas, helping the flow move from one point to another.
The CSs work around the clock and are supervised around the clock by highly qualified personnel in the control center.
COPs use various security systems to protect the public, employees and facilities.
Each CS should have an emergency shutdown system that stops the compressor units, isolates the gas pipelines from the CS, and diverts gas to the gas pipeline near the CS.
All emergency shutdown systems are fully tested annually in accordance with the regulations.
The turbines that drive the gas compressors use low-emission technology and run on clean-burning natural gas.
In the US, current federal regulations require turbines to be designed to produce a nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission level of 25 ppm (parts per million by volume, dry) under normal operating conditions.
In the event that natural gas escapes from the compressor station, during annual testing or during an emergency shutdown, natural gas — a mixture of hydrocarbons, primarily methane — will safely rise and dissipate as it is sucked into the atmosphere, because methane is lighter than air.
The noise level at the COP should not exceed the average day and night noise level of 55 decibels in the nearest noise-sensitive area, for example, in residential premises, schools, hospitals, etc.
In comparison, a dishwasher is noisy at 50 dBA.
A compressor is a device whose task is to increase the level of pressure, as well as the compression of air or gas.
To date, there are different types of compressors on the market, which allows you to choose the compressor of the desired design for a specific purpose.
Booster Compressor Stations (BCS) are equipped with compressors of various types — screw, centrifugal, piston.
BCS are divided into types, depending on their power, functionality, design features, drive type and other technical characteristics.
The compressor station can be designed to compress various media.
Gas compressors are designed to compress nitrogen, propane-butane, oxygen. Air — for supplying compressed air to various consumers.
Compressors can be driven by electric motors, gas turbines and internal combustion engines.
Depending on the design, dimensions and operating conditions, compressor stations can be divided into stationary and mobile, according to the design of the drive used — into stations with a built-in or external drive.
Depending on the parameters of the supplied air or gas (quality, volume, maximum pressure), compressors are divided into different categories.
Structurally, some types of BCS require a water or air cooling system.
Screw compressors (VK)
Screw compressors have high performance characteristics, ease of operation and maintenance, reliable design, relatively small dimensions and low noise level. According to their characteristics, VC (rotary) compressors are significantly superior to reciprocating or centrifugal compressors.
Today, BCS with VC are actively used in high-tech production processes. There are 2 constructive solutions for such a DCS — with a double or single screw.
The main feature of the VC is the possibility of providing a fixed degree of gas compression. The required working pressure is provided by the geometrical parameters of the compression chamber. Modern VCs have several discrete compression ratios that can be quickly selected based on existing needs.
In order to increase the efficiency of the VC and reduce air losses, oil is injected into the working volume of the unit.
This measure allows you to maintain tightness, provides proper lubrication of rubbing surfaces, reduces noise, ensures cooling of the refrigerator compressor electric motor along with the refrigerant used — this is especially important at the last compression stages.
This allows you to effectively use the VC in pneumatic systems, with the possibility of significant fluctuations in temperature and pressure.
VK do not require special maintenance personnel, have low operating costs, are characterized by high reliability and durability. Due to the variety of standard sizes, VCs successfully operate both in small and very large industries.
Disadvantages of screw compressors
The presence of precise mechanisms requires careful implementation of technical requirements during operation.
An oil system with cooling elements is required.
With a low compressor load (1/5 of the rated power), the efficiency in the suction section is significantly reduced.
Piston compressors (PC)
Piston compressors are widely used in industrial and mining enterprises. PCs work on the principle of forcing compressed air into cylinders by means of a reciprocating piston.
The advantage of a PC is its simple design, which increases reliability and, as a result, ease of maintenance. Any part can be replaced in case of need for repair quickly enough, which reduces downtime compared to other compressors.
PCs are mobile and can produce compressed air at very high pressures.
Modifications of the PC operate without oil supply, which leads to a high degree of purity of the air masses at the outlet.
The cost of a PC is lower, other things being equal, in comparison with compressors of other types.
Piston DCS, unlike screw DCS, in some cases are able to create the required working pressure only by means of 2-stage compression.
PC Disadvantages.
The noise level of the PC is quite high. To reduce the noise level in the design of the PC, a special casing is used.
Centrifugal compressors (CC)
Centrifugal compressors work based on the principle of compressing gases under the influence of centrifugal forces. CCs can operate at 2 or even 4 compression stages. CCs are mainly used when it is necessary to obtain large volumes of compressed air.
The design of the CC consists of a rotor with symmetrical impellers and a housing. 6-speed CC is divided into 3 compartments. Air or a mixture of gases during the operation of the Central Committee is reported to move with the help of centrifugal forces. The gas is displaced to the periphery of the impeller, compressed and, at the same time, acquires a certain speed. Further, in the annular diffuser, the kinetic energy is converted into potential energy. After that, air or another mixture of gases enters the next stage of the unit. The indicator of the maximum pressure that can be achieved at one stage is determined by the strength of the impellers, capable of allowing speeds up to 280 m / s.
Power consumption, pressure indicators and efficiency directly depend on the performance of the CC.
The operation of the CC can be regulated by gas throttling on the suction side or by changing the rotor speed.
When choosing compressor stations, it is necessary to carefully analyze the operating conditions, characteristics and parameters of use.
The market for compressors is large. The market of packagers offering units for assembling stations is also developing.
The trend of the time is an increase in the rental and leasing market for compressor equipment.
#compressor station
#CS
#Natural gas
#pressure
#Compressor
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ARIES TRM232M.
Operating modes of the controller
Heating schedule operation
1. The schedule is set by points (up to 5 points) depending on the outdoor temperature (T nv ) or the temperature of direct water from the heating network (T pr ).
Fig. 1. Operation according to the heating schedule
Reducing the heating schedule using the built-in real-time clock
The set heating schedule can be reduced by the set value using the built-in real-time clock at night (Time Night) and weekends (Day 1, Holiday 2) – NIGHT mode.
Return temperature control
The return water temperature (Fig. 2) is controlled according to the schedule (up to 5 points) depending on the outdoor air temperature (T nv ) or the temperature of the direct water from the heating network (T pr ), taking into account the allowable overheating (Gist. +) or cooling (Hist.
-) relative graph.
If T return water > T return according to schedule + (Hist.+), then the device sends commands to partially close the control valve (REVERSE mode when working with CHP).
If T water return < T return according to schedule + (Hist.-), then the device gives commands to slightly open the control valve (REVERSE mode when working with the boiler).
The function can be disabled.
Fig. 2. Return water temperature control
Summer operation
The controller switches the system to summer mode when the outdoor air temperature reaches the setpoint T hw T winter/summer . In summer mode, the device stops controlling the heating system by closing the control valve completely and turning off the circulation pumps. Circulation pumps in the summer can be turned on for a specified time with a specified frequency to prevent jamming.
Water make-up control
in the system below the setpoint TPM232M gives a signal to turn on the boost pump or open the shut-off valve of the boost system.
Maintaining the temperature in the DHW circuit
The temperature in the DHW circuit (T DHW ) is maintained by the device in accordance with the preset fixed setpoint (HEATING mode).
DHW setpoint reduction by the built-in real time clock
Setpoint T DHW can be reduced by the setpoint by the built-in real time clock at night (Time Night) and weekends (Day 1, Day 2).
Pump control
The circulation pumps are switched on alternately. Switching of pumps is carried out with a predetermined pause (to protect against water hammer). In the event of a failure of the operating pump (signal from sensor P), this pump is switched off, and the pump in reserve is switched on.
