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Sir Francis Drake Facts, Worksheets, History & Biography For Kids

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Admiral Sir Francis Drake was the most famous English privateer and navigator of the Elizabethan era. He was appointed by Queen Elizabeth I to lead the search for new trade routes. From 1577 until 1580, he circumnavigated the globe.

See the fact file below for more information on the Sir Francis Drake or alternatively, you can download our 22-page Sir Francis Drake worksheet pack to utilise within the classroom or home environment.

Key Facts & Information

Early Life

• Francis Drake was born in Tavistock, Devon, England, sometime between 1540 and 1544. His parents were Edmund Drake, a farmer at the estate of Lord Francis Russell, and Mary Mylwaye. Young Francis grew up near the sea. From a young age, he worked under a merchant who traded goods between England and France.
• He was the cousin of John Hawkins and a distant relative of Sir Walter Raleigh. By the 1560s, Drake set sail on his first expedition with John Hawkins. With a small fleet, he and Hawkins commanded a ship named Judith and sailed to Africa as illegal slave traders.
• As part of the transatlantic slave trade, Drake transported slaves from Africa to the West Indies. This was forbidden by Spanish authorities who restricted English trade in the New World. In 1568, under the orders of the Spanish viceroy, Drake’s fleet was trapped in the port of San Juan and attacked by Spanish warships. Most of the fleet was destroyed but Drake was able to escape.
• Upon his return from the New World, Drake became a privateer and raided Spanish cargo ships. Spain considered him a pirate.
• Over the next few years, Drake stole tons of gold and silver from raided Spanish towns. His actions were recognized by Queen Elizabeth I and she gave him a fleet to continue raiding Spanish towns in South America and seize property of King Philip of Spain.
• Queen Elizabeth I ruled England for 44 years. She was the daughter of King Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn.
• During her reign, Spanish and English relations were tense.
• On November 15, 1577, Drake and his fleet left England. He captained the largest ship named the Pelican (later known as the Golden Hind) and reached Peru by crossing the Atlantic and the Strait of Magellan to reach the Pacific.
• Drake ransacked every town in Peru and captured the Spanish ship Cacafuego. After three years of sailing, he returned to England loaded with treasure for the queen. Though she couldn’t acknowledge his gifts, which would antagonise Spain, she knighted him Sir Francis Drake in 1581.
• Drake’s expedition was the second in history to circumnavigate the globe.
• Between 1585 and 1586, England’s relationship with Spain grew worse. King Philip II of Spain organized a fleet known as the Armada to conquer England. The Armada was thought to be invincible because Spain was wealthy and a world leader in navigation.
• In 1588, Queen Elizabeth I appointed Drake as the vice admiral of the English Navy. On July 21, over a hundred Spanish ships entered the English Channel. Drake and Admiral Charles Howard knew the odds were stacked against them. The English ships were faster and more maneuverable, however, and they sent fire ships into the Spanish fleet.
• A devastating storm then hit and the Armada, which had no place to harbor until it passed, was significantly damaged. More damage and losses occurred on the Armada’s return journey. As a result, England became the most powerful navy in the world.
• A year after the attempted invasion, Drake was called by the queen to destroy the remaining ships of the Armada. He also supported the rebels in Lisbon against Spanish authorities.
• He returned home and became the mayor of Plymouth.
• By 1595, the queen commissioned Drake and his cousins to raid all Spanish treasure in Panama.
• After the unsuccessful battle at the Nombre de Dios, the English fleet moved west to the coast of Portobelo, Panama.
• Drake contracted dysentery while in Portobelo. On January 28, 1596, he died while on his last voyage to the Caribbean. It’s believed that Drake was buried at sea in a lead coffin near Portobelo.
• In 1628, The World Encompassed was published containing his chronicles of circumnavigation.
• Sir Francis Drake was married twice, first to Mary Newman and then to Elizabeth Sydenham, and had no children.

Sir Francis Drake Worksheets

This is a fantastic bundle which includes everything you need to know about Sir Francis Drake across 22 in-depth pages. These are ready-to-use Sir Francis Drake worksheets that are perfect for teaching students about Admiral Sir Francis Drake who was the most famous English privateer and navigator of the Elizabethan era. He was appointed by Queen Elizabeth I to lead the search for new trade routes. From 1577 until 1580, he circumnavigated the globe.

Complete List Of Included Worksheets

• Sir Francis Drake Facts
• El Draque
• Famous English Explorers
• Mapping Drake’s Route
• It’s Drake!
• Naval Superpowers
• Transatlantic Slave Trade
• Word Callout
• Explorer’s Notebook
• Out of the Ship
• England’s Golden Age

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Use With Any Curriculum

These worksheets have been specifically designed for use with any international curriculum. You can use these worksheets as-is, or edit them using Google Slides to make them more specific to your own student ability levels and curriculum standards.

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What did Sir Francis Drake discover?

Stories

Who was Sir Francis Drake? Discover the life of a Tudor sailor and privateer.

Francis Drake became the first European to set sail and explore most of America. However, Drake did not «discover» these lands, as the native population had been settled long before Drake landed.

Strait of Magellan

Drake became the first Englishman to sail through the Strait of Magellan, the sea route at the southern tip of South America that connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

Land of Fire

He discovered that Tierra del Fuego, south of the Strait of Magellan, was not another continent, as the Europeans believed, but a group of islands. This meant that ships could sail between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans along the bottom of South America (later known as the Cape Horn route).

North American coast

Drake also sailed further north along the American coast than any other European before. Along the way, he landed in what is now California, naming it New Albion (New England).

What was Drake’s early life like?

Francis Drake was born at Tavistock, Devon about 1542. The eldest of 12 sons, he first went to sea as an apprentice at the age of 12. The period in which he lived saw an increase in the population of England and a desire to explore the surrounding world for trade routes and colonies, and to capitalize on the huge profits generated from the Americas and the oriental spice trade.

What was Drake doing at sea?

Although Drake is considered a hero in England, in Spain he is remembered as a pirate. He attacked Spanish ships carrying treasure from their colonies in South America and also raided Spanish and Portuguese ports in the Atlantic Ocean.

When did Francis Drake circumnavigate the world?

Drake traveled the world from 1577 to 1580. The original purpose of the trip was to raid Spanish ships and ports.

The expedition left Plymouth in the southwest of England on December 13th with five ships: Pelican , Elizabeth , Marigolds , Swan , and Christopher , manned by 164 sailors.

Drake himself sailed on Pelican, which he renamed in the middle of the voyage Golden Hind in honor of his patron Sir Christopher Hutton, whose coat of arms featured a female red deer (“golden hind”).

Upon reaching South America, Drake was worried that his ships would drift apart, so he gave the order to break up the two smaller supply ships and transfer crew to the remaining ships. After a series of storms Marigold was lost at sea, and Elizabeth returned to England after being separated.

By October 1578, Pelican had made its final destination.

What was Francis Drake’s relationship with Queen Elizabeth I?

Drake was one of Queen Elizabeth’s most famous sailors, a proven enemy of the Spaniards, and in the process made the Queen rich.

The Queen sponsored Drake’s expedition around the Earth, and on his return, Elizabeth dined on board the ship. Golden Hind in Deptford upon Thames. Drake was also knighted aboard his ship.

What role did Francis Drake play in the Spanish Armada?

The Spanish Armada, led by King Philip II of Spain, attempted to invade England in 1588 to avenge the death of Queen Mary of Scots in 1587.

It is believed that Sir Francis Drake was told of seeing the Armada while he was playing bowls in Plymouth. He is supposed to have said: «We have enough time to finish the game and beat the Spaniards.» However, there is no reliable evidence for this.

Queen Elizabeth placed Lord Effingham Howard in charge of naval defense against the Spanish Armada; Drake was named second in command of the fleet.

One of Drake’s most famous attacks was made in 1587 on the Spanish ports of Cadiz and Corunna, which he called «the singeing of the beard of the king of Spain.» Between 20 and 30 Spanish ships were sunk or captured during the raid.

Drake also fought in many battles against the Spanish Armada in 1588, most notably in the capture of the Spanish flagship. rosary .

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What is the legacy of Sir Francis Drake?

He is remembered as one of the sea heroes of Elizabethan England, although in later years his encounters with Spanish ships and cities led to accusations of piracy. His circumnavigation of the world led to a deepening of the knowledge of his geography. However, Drake also used his seafaring skills to undertake ‘highly lucrative slave voyages’ with fellow sailor John Hawkins.

Learn more about the transatlantic slave trade

Find out more about Sir Francis Drake and the pirates at the Tudor and Stuart Mariner’s Gallery. Explore for free

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Francis Drake | is… What is Francis Drake?

Sir Francis Drake (eng. Francis Drake ; circa 1540 — January 28, 1596) — English navigator and corsair of the time of Elizabeth I. The first Englishman to circumnavigate the world (in 1577-1580). An active participant in the defeat of the Spanish fleet (the Invincible Armada) in the Battle of Gravelines in 1588. He owned the estate of Buckland Abbey in Yelverton.

Contents 1 Biography 1.1 Childhood and adolescence 1.2 Adulthood 2 Drake and the world map 3 Editions of Drake’s Campaigns 4 Sources

Biography

Childhood and youth

Francis Drake was born at Crowndale, near Tavistock (Tenviston), in Devonshire, the son of a farmer (father — Edmund Drake), who later became a priest. In total, the Drake family had twelve children, Francis was the eldest. In 1549Drake’s family moved to Kent. From the age of 13 he became a sailor, was an assistant to the captain, and at the age of 16 he took command of a ship — a small barque. The first voyages are in the North Sea.

Adulthood

1988 50 Dollars — Cook Islands Commemorative Francis Drake

In 1567 he sailed to Guinea and the West Indies, commanding a ship on a slave trading expedition of his relative John Hawkins. During this expedition, near the Mexican fortress of San Juan de Ulua, the British ships were attacked by the Spaniards, and most of them were sunk. Only two ships survived — Drake and Hawkins. The British demanded that the Spanish king pay them for the lost ships. The king, of course, refused. Drake then announced that he would take whatever he could from the King of Spain.

In 1572 he went on his own expedition to the Spanish possessions in the West Indies, captured the city of Nombre de Dios on the Isthmus of Panama, then several ships near the harbor of Cartagena. During this raid, Drake intercepted the Spanish «Silver Caravan» (about 30 tons of silver) on the Isthmus of Panama, heading from Panama to Nombre de Dios. On August 9, 1573, Drake returned to Plymouth famous.

November 15, 1577 Drake was sent by Queen Elizabeth on an expedition to the Pacific coast of America. The official purpose of the trip was to discover new lands, in particular, Australia. In fact, Drake was supposed to loot as much Spanish gold as possible and return to England with this cargo. Francis set off on this journey on the 100-ton Pelican flagship, which was accompanied by four other ships. After passing through the Strait of Magellan, Drake was driven back by a storm to the south of Tierra del Fuego, thereby figuring out that it was not part of the Southern Continent. The strait south of Tierra del Fuego was later named after him.

After the flagship «Pelican», the only one of all the ships «made its way» to the Pacific Ocean, it was renamed the «Golden Doe». Drake moved north along the Pacific coast of South America, attacking Spanish ports, including Valparaiso, and then explored the coast well north of the Spanish colonies, approximately as far as modern Vancouver. On June 17, 1579, Drake landed, as expected, in the San Francisco area (according to another hypothesis, in modern Oregon) and declared this coast an English possession («New Albion»).

After replenishing provisions and repairs, Drake crossed the Pacific Ocean and went to the Moluccas. Bypassing Africa from the south, Drake returned to England on September 26, 1580, bringing back £600,000 worth of treasure. For this expedition, Drake was awarded a knighthood. During another expedition to the West Indies, Drake ravaged the Spanish harbors of Vigo, Santo Domingo (on the island of Haiti), Cartagena (in New Granada) and San Augustin (in Florida). In 1587, he became famous for his daring attack on the Spanish port of Cadiz. In 1588 he was one of the English admirals who defeated the Spanish Invincible Armada. After that, Drake suggested that Elizabeth I Tudor attack Lisbon. The English, led by Drake, would have captured Lisbon, but they had no siege weapons. He made his last expedition to the West Indies in 1695-1696 in company with John Hawkins.